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      Hasta el 17 % de la población europea podría sufrir algún tipo de alergia alimentaria


      News provided by

      EAACI

      10 Jun, 2014, 07:30 GMT

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      COPENHAGUE, Dinamarca, June 10, 2014 /PRNewswire/ --

      La alergia alimentaria y anafilaxis continúan siendo los temas pendientes para pacientes y profesionales sanitarios, aunque el 6-17 % de la población europea tiene algún tipo de alergia alimentaria, según la evidencia auto-reportada.

           (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20140609/690604 )

      La falta de conocimiento de la alergia alimentaria, su impacto en la calidad de vida, los costes y concienciación reducida de la fatalidad potencial de una reacción alérgica grave, como la anafilaxis, son los motivos que han llevado a la European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) a promover directrices sin precedentes en Europa sobre la alergia alimentaria y la anafilaxis.

      Las nuevas directrices, presentadas con motivo del Congreso Anual de la EAACI, se trazaron por más de 70 expertos de todo el mundo, con una implicación directa de todas las secciones de EAACI (Pediatría, Inmunología, Dermatología, Asma, Atención Primaria, etc.). También estuvieron implicadas 21 organizaciones de pacientes internacionales, más las sociedades científicas europeas relacionadas con la gastroenterología pediátrica, hepatología y nutrición (ESPGHAN), medicina de emergencia (EuSEM) y la Association for Teacher Training Europe (ATEE).

      Alergias alimentarias más comunes    

      Las directrices concluyen que la frecuencia de la alergia alimentaria es mayor entre los niños que en adultos y mayor en el noroeste de Europa que en el sur. También mantiene que, aunque su incidencia parece ser estable a lo largo del tiempo, su prevalencia podría crecer.

      No hay estimaciones fiables de la prevalencia de estas alergias. Tras una revisión sistemática de casi 60 estudios y meta-análisis, los expertos que participaron en las directrices concluyen que la prevalencia de la alergia a la leche de vaca en Europa es del 6 %, del 3,6 % para el trigo; del 2,5 % para los huevos; del 0,4 % para los cacahuetes; del 1,3 % para las nueces; del 2,2 % para el pescado y del 1,3 % para el marisco, según una alergia alimentaria auto-reportada.  

      Anafilaxis: potencialmente fatal  

      La prevalencia de anafilaxis se estima en el 0,3 %. Es una reacción de hipersensibilidad generalizada o sistémica grave, potencialmente fatal, caracterizada por la rápida aparición y asociación con problemas respiratorios y circulatorios y cambios en la piel y membranas mucosas.

      Según las directrices, su incidencia es de 1,5 a 8 casos por cada 100.000 personas al año. Su principal desencadenante incluye alimentos, medicinas y picaduras de insectos, pero el inductor no es identificado en el 20% de todos los casos.

      REFERENCIAS  

      Todos los datos tomados de EAACI Guidelines. Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis. European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) 2014

      Estrategias Hill+Knowlton
      Ana Sánchez / Noelia García
      ana.sanchez@hkstrategies.com
      Noelia.garciatrillas@hkstrategies.com
      Tel: +34-93-410-82-63


      EAACI
      Macarena Guillamón
      Sede de EAACI
      Hagenholzstrasse 111 3rd Floor
      8050 Zurich - Suiza
      Tel: +41-44-205-55-32
      Móvil: +41-79-892-82-25
      macarena.guillamon@eaaci.org
      http://www.eaaci.org

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